{"id":250,"date":"2020-04-20T00:54:17","date_gmt":"2020-04-19T21:54:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/robipc.net\/?p=250"},"modified":"2020-04-20T00:55:14","modified_gmt":"2020-04-19T21:55:14","slug":"maddenin-halleri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/robipc.net\/index.php\/2020\/04\/20\/maddenin-halleri\/","title":{"rendered":"MADDEN\u0130N HALLER\u0130.."},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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Maddenin halleri detay<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

1-Kat\u0131 hali.<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Maddenin kat\u0131 hali atomik yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n elektronlarla \u00e7evrili oldu\u011fu \u00e7ekirde\u011finde proton ve n\u00f6tronun yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 haldir. Ta\u015f Metal veya Beton gibi maddeler Atomik olarak belirli bir bas\u0131nca alt\u0131nda aralar\u0131ndaki ba\u011f\u0131n bozulmadan bir arada kalmas\u0131n\u0131 temsil eder. Maddenin kat\u0131 hali bize kullan\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan fazlas\u0131yla faydal\u0131d\u0131r. hatta baz\u0131 kat\u0131 durumlara ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in \u00f6zel deneyler gerekir ve \u00f6zel \u015fartlar alt\u0131nda geli\u015ftirilirler. \u00d6rne\u011fin Tanklarda kullan\u0131lan Z\u0131rhlar\u0131n Kat\u0131 sertli\u011fi ve dayan\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 oldukca \u00f6nemlidir. Biz metali Kat\u0131 olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor olsakda Metal bile belirli bas\u0131n\u00e7 ve h\u0131zda elastikle\u015fir ve hamur haline yakla\u015f\u0131r. Bir merminin demiri delmesini sa\u011flayan nedende budur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2-S\u0131v\u0131 Hali.<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Maddenin s\u0131v\u0131 hali canl\u0131lar i\u00e7in vazge\u00e7ilmez. Maddelerin s\u0131v\u0131 hali baz\u0131 durumlar i\u00e7in bilimin zorla ula\u015fabildi\u011fi alternatiflerde \u00fcretir. Bas\u0131nca ve \u0131s\u0131ya ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak metaller de s\u0131v\u0131 ve kat\u0131 olabiliyor. S\u0131v\u0131 halini maddenin genelde SU olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr\u00fcz. Ama suyun normal EVREN Ko\u015fullar\u0131nda bulundu\u011fu \u015fekil GAZ d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3-Gaz Hali.<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Maddenin gaz hali \u0131s\u0131ya ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcr. Ancak olay\u0131n asl\u0131nda bir maddenin gaz hali i\u00e7in \u0131s\u0131 de\u011fil bas\u0131n\u00e7 de\u011fi\u015fimi yeterli oluyor. Suyun \u0131s\u0131narak buharla\u015fma nedeni y\u00fczeyde yer alan atomik durumun bas\u0131n\u00e7 olarak azalmas\u0131yla meydana geliyor. Keza \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcmenin y\u00fcksek \u0131s\u0131da olmayan suyun da buharla\u015fma nedenlerinden biride bas\u0131n\u00e7t\u0131r. Is\u0131 Bas\u0131nc\u0131n azalmas\u0131na neden olan bir enerji t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr. Gaz do\u011fan\u0131n vazge\u00e7ilmez hallerinden Bulutun halidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4-S\u0131v\u0131 K\u0131ristal.<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Maddenin bu halini Un olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnebiliriz. Sabun gibi maddeler atomik olarak kat\u0131 ama yap\u0131 olarak s\u0131v\u0131 \u015fekilde yer al\u0131r. Maddenin bu halinde ba\u011flar \u00e7ok zay\u0131f ve bu ba\u011f \u0131s\u0131ya g\u00f6re de di\u011fer alternatif maddelere g\u00f6rede de\u011fi\u015febiliyor. Bunlardan biride Deterjan k\u00f6p\u00fckleri maddenin kat\u0131 yada s\u0131v\u0131 olmayan bir krisital s\u0131v\u0131 formudur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

5-\u00dcst\u00fcn \u0130letken<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Maddenin bu hali belirli \u0131s\u0131lara y\u00fckseltildi\u011fine veya \u0131s\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde veya \u015fekil olarak yeniden \u00fcretildi\u011finde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. Bu Madde hali Hi\u00e7bir elektiriksel diren\u00e7 g\u00f6stermeden enerji kabettirmeksizin elektri\u011fi kar\u015f\u0131ya iletir. Grafen bir \u00f6rnektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

6-Amorf Kat\u0131s\u0131<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Bu madde gezegenden gezegene farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6steren ayn\u0131 maddelere denir. Cam d\u00fcnyada kat\u0131 halde duran tek S\u0131v\u0131 maddedir. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n bas\u0131nc\u0131 ve \u0131s\u0131s\u0131 Cam\u0131n s\u0131v\u0131 ak\u0131\u015fkan olmas\u0131n\u0131 engeller ancak ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde sadece cam ya\u011fan bir gezegende bulunur ki burada cam\u0131n kat\u0131 s\u0131v\u0131 ve gaz halleride g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

7-Bose-Einstein Yo\u011fu\u015fmas\u0131<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Bu Madde hali maddenin kuantum atom alt\u0131 par\u00e7ac\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck enerji ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u0131cakl\u0131kta karma\u015f\u0131k halinden k\u00fcmele\u015ferek maddeselle\u015fti\u011fi bir halidir. S\u00f6z\u00fc edilen par\u00e7ac\u0131klar\u0131n atom \u00fcretmedi\u011fi ve kat\u0131-s\u0131v\u0131-gaz bar\u0131nd\u0131rmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 hesaba kat\u0131l\u0131rsa bu k\u00fcmele\u015fmeye yo\u011funla\u015fma-Yo\u011fu\u015fma denir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

8- Plazma<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Maddenin bu hali atomik d\u00fczeyde \u0131s\u0131ya ve bas\u0131nca ba\u011fl\u0131 bir kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mdan meydana gelir. bir veya daha fazla madde \u0131s\u0131 vce bas\u0131n\u00e7 nedeniyle atomik alanlar\u0131nda geni\u015fler. Ancak Atom yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmez Kat\u0131 bir maddenin hem kat\u0131 hem gez hemde s\u0131v\u0131 davrand\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0131\u015f\u0131k ve enerji y\u00fckl\u00fc bir halidir. LAV G\u00fcne\u015f Plamza hali \u00f6rnekleridir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

9-Kuark – Gluon Plazma <\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Maddenin bu hali Evrenin ilk olu\u015ftu\u011fu o and\u0131r. Plazman halinin farkl\u0131 bir \u015feklidir. Atomlar hen\u00fcz ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmam\u0131\u015f elektronlar, protonlar ve n\u00f6tronlar etrafta dolan\u0131r. Atom par\u00e7alar\u0131na Kuarklar ve Gluonlarda e\u015flik eder. Y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131k y\u00fcksek enerji y\u00fcksek bas\u0131n\u00e7\u0131n evreni bir tas s\u0131cak \u00e7orbaya benzeti\u011fi bir halidir. Bu hal y\u00fcksek enerji ve y\u00fcksek bas\u0131n\u00e7 gerketirdi\u011fi i\u00e7in deneysel olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131labilmektedir.
<\/p>\n\n\n\n

10-Rydberg Molek\u00fcl\u00fc<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Z\u0131t y\u00fckl\u00fc Plazmalar\u0131n birle\u015fime yatk\u0131n olanlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda meydana gelen bir yo\u011funla\u015fmad\u0131r. Burada ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan madde hali maddenin Plazma halinden s\u0131v\u0131y\u0131 and\u0131ran bir hale gelmesine denir. S\u00f6z\u00fc edilen madde hali kullan\u0131ma g\u00f6re kendi \u015feklini de\u011fi\u015ftirdi\u011fi i\u00e7in iyonla\u015fma veya elektron ba\u011f\u0131\u015flama gibi \u00f6zeliklere sahiptir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

11-\u00dcst\u00fcnak\u0131\u015fkan<\/strong>–S\u00fcper S\u0131v\u0131<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Bu Helyumun bir \u00f6zel halidir. Mutlak s\u0131f\u0131ra Helyum yakla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda i\u00e7ine konuldu\u011fu kab\u0131n her yerini kaplayarak duvar\u0131n\u0131ta kapayarak akar. Bunu bir oda i\u00e7ine bir miktar helyum koydu\u011funuzda odan\u0131n tavan\u0131n\u0131nda duvarlar\u0131n\u0131nda helyumla kapland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 duvarlara ve tavana do\u011fru akt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fcrs\u00fcn\u00fcz. Mutlak s\u0131f\u0131n=-273 derece.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

12- Manyetik D\u00fczenli<\/strong> Hal<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Bu madde hali normalde bir brilerini etkileyen iki maddenin atomik ve kimyasal bir reaksiyona girmeden biri di\u011ferinin frekans\u0131 miktar\u0131nda \u0131s\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. M\u0131knat\u0131s ile demiri ele alacak olursak Demir 780 derece \u0131s\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda art\u0131k m\u0131knat\u0131s demiri \u00e7ekmiyor. Ama so\u011fumaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda tekrar \u00e7ekmeye ba\u015fl\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

13-Elektron Dejenere Madde Hali<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Y\u00fcksek Enerjik hali isminide alan bu halde ATomlar y\u00fcksek enerji ve y\u00fcksek bas\u0131n\u00e7 alt\u0131nda y\u00fcksek \u0131s\u0131yada maruz kal\u0131r. Elektronlar bu bu halde As\u0131l atomlar\u0131ndan kopmadan \u00c7evre atomlar\u0131nda himayesine girer. Elektonun bu haliyle davran\u0131\u015f\u0131 atom \u00e7ekirdeklerinin birle\u015fimine zorlanmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar ancak y\u00fck farklar\u0131 nedeniyle yer\u00e7ekimi daha da artar. Elektonun \u00e7evresinde bar\u0131nd\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 t\u00fcm atom \u00e7ekirdeklerine sadakat g\u00f6stermesi N\u00d6TRON y\u0131ld\u0131zlar\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

14- S\u00fcper Cam<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Maddenin bu hali s\u0131v\u0131 olmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n kat\u0131 duran maddelere denir. Amorf ile benzer olsada S\u00fcpers\u0131v\u0131 etkiside g\u00f6sterir ve Maddenin \u015fekilsiz halidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

15- \u0130p-A\u011f-Sicim S\u0131v\u0131s\u0131<\/strong> <\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Maddenin D\u00fczensiz g\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc s\u0131v\u0131 gibi davrand\u0131\u011f\u0131 ama kat\u0131 oldu\u011fu bir \u015felidir. Maddenin bu hali uzun bir ipi and\u0131r\u0131r ama madde bu haliyle s\u0131v\u0131d\u0131r ve dizilim tek y\u00f6nde sonsuza ilerler. Bir yumak gibi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

16-S\u00fcper Kat\u0131<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Mutlak s\u0131f\u0131rda kat\u0131 ve kristal halde bulunan S\u0131v\u0131 haraket etsede sert duran halidir. Bas\u0131n\u00e7 ve s\u0131cakl\u0131k fark\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 S\u0131v\u0131 Kristalden farkl\u0131d\u0131r. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

1-Kat\u0131 hali. Maddenin kat\u0131 hali atomik yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n elektronlarla \u00e7evrili oldu\u011fu \u00e7ekirde\u011finde proton ve n\u00f6tronun yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 haldir. Ta\u015f Metal veya Beton gibi maddeler Atomik olarak…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":251,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[6,57,1,58,10],"tags":[105,104,93,102,99,98,103,89,101,94,108,95,107,91,92,100,106,97],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/robipc.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/250"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/robipc.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/robipc.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/robipc.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/robipc.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=250"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/robipc.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/250\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":253,"href":"https:\/\/robipc.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/250\/revisions\/253"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/robipc.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/251"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/robipc.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=250"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/robipc.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=250"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/robipc.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=250"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}